Optimized Forensic Laboratory Analyses of Painted Art

Abstract

Non-destructive and micro-destructive analyses play an important role in determining the authenticity of art works. These include determination of the composition and date of manufacture. Similar analyses are used for a range of forensic problems. However, the importance of “do no harm” to the object places a significant additional constraint beyond simply preserving evidence for future analyses. The rise in art theft and fraud cases recently and the need for rapid, non-destructive analyses to meet statute of limitations restrictions underscores the need for greater awareness and training in the analysis of works of art that may be forgeries or worth millions of dollars. A sequence of laboratories that address art authentication questions are shown in an order that minimizes sample usage and emphasizes the thought processes used in crime scene reconstruction. We outline six undergraduate laboratory exercises using a case study that includes novel wood and paint dating methods. We compare some simple methods to state-of-the-art instrumental analyses typically used in legal cases, using these to cross-validate the conclusions.